Programmable Biosensors Based on RNA-Guided CRISPR/Cas Endonuclease

Table 1 Comparison of Classified platforms incorporating CRISPR/Cas effectors

Classifications	Effector	System	Recognition type	Sensitivity	Specificity	Signal amplification	Quantitative	Multiplex	Time	Readout	Infrastructure requirement	Reference
Cas9-based class	Sp-dCas9	RCH	dsDNA	fM	1 nt	RCA	Y^a	N^a	< 4 h	TMB	substantial	[22]
Cas9-based class		PC reporter	dsDNA	One copy	NA	PCR	N	N	10 mins*	Luciferase	Few	[23]
Cas13-based class	CcaCas13b PsmCas13b LwaCas13a	SHERLOCKv2f	dsDNA/Virus RNA	aM	1 nt	RPA	Y	Y	2 ~ 5 h	Fluorescence	Substantial	[15]
Cas12-based class	LbCas12a	DETECTR	HPV	aM	1 nt	RPA	N	N	~ 1 h	fluorescence	substantial	[24]
	LbCas12a	Cas12aVDet	Mycoplasma	aM	1 nt	RPA	N	N	~ 30 min	Naked eye	Few	[25]
	LbCas12a	DETECTR-COVID19	SARS-CoV-2	95%	1 nt	RT-LAMP	N	N	~ 45 min	LFA	Few	[19]
Cas14-based class	Cas14a1	Cas14-DETECTR	ssDNA	NA	1 nt	PTA^a	N	N	NA	fluorescence	substantial	[26]

^aAll features were claimed by the original publications; Y: yes; N: no; PTA: phosphorothioate amplification; NA: uncertainty;
* shown 10 mins after PCR

ISSN: 1480-9222