From: Development of a Novel Orthotopic Gastric Cancer Mouse Model
Method | The engraftment volume | Application | Advantage | Limitation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cell injection | <  50 μl | Tumor proliferation and metastasis profile of gastric cancer cell lines. Functional validation of cancer driver genes/pathways by transplanting engineered cell lines. Efficacy test of anti-tumor or anti-metastatic therapeutics. | Minimal organ damage. The fastest transplantation method. High reproducibility. | Possible to inject only single-cell suspension. |
Tissue implantation by suture on the exposed sub-serosa | Tissue less than 3 mm in diameter | Tumor proliferation and metastasis profile of gastric cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors. | Possible to transplant patient-derived tissue. Relatively easy procedure as a tissue implantation technic. | Engraft only hard tissue fragment. Tumor exposed to the peripheral cavity. Increase the adhesion to the nearby organs. Difficult to control the tumor heterogeneity. |
Tissue implantation in sub-serosa with glue | Tissue less than 1 mm in diameter | Tumor proliferation and metastasis profile of gastric cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors. | Possible to transplant patient-derived tissue. | Engraft only hard 1 mm3 tissue fragment. Difficult to control the tumor heterogeneity. |
Completely-closed tissue implantation method | <  20 μl or Tissue less than 2 mm in diameter | Tumor proliferation and metastasis profile of gastric cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors. Functional validation of cancer driver genes by using patient-derived organoids system. Possible to test anti-tumor or anti-metastatic therapeutics. | No limit to transplant any types of tissues, including organoids and homogeneous tissue suspension. Tissue insertion completely into the stomach wall. | Technical challenges. |