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Table 1 Some selected studies on the detection of viruses by electrochemical methods

From: Potential Diagnostic Systems for Coronavirus Detection: a Critical Review

Target

Biosensor type

Nanomaterial

Sample type

Reference

Influenza virus M1 protein

Electrochemical impedance

Nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond

Saliva

[84]

Hepatitis C virus DNA

Electrochemical impedance

MB@SiNPs

Real patient specimen

[85]

Dengue virus DNA

Voltammetric

ZnO/Pt_Pd

nanocomposite

–

[85]

HBV DNA

Electrochemical impedance

AuNPs

Real patient specimen

[86]

Avian influenza virus H5N1 gene

Voltammetric

MWCNTs_AuNPs

–

[87]

Dengue type 2 virus

Voltammetric

Nanoporous alumina

Infected Aedesaegypti

Mosquito sample

[88]

Influenza virus

Voltammetric

CdS QDs

Real patient samples

[89]

Chikungunya virus DNA

Electrochemical paper analytical device

Gold shells_coated magnetic nanocubes

Serum

[90]

Influenza virus H1N1

Chronoamperometric

rGO

–

[91]