Fig. 1

Distribution and overall characteristics of TAMRA-FP signal in glioma and control brain. Note relatively intense and heterogeneously distributed TAMRA-FP fluorescence over the glioma as compared to most regions of the healthy brain. Nuclear DAPI staining indicates dense cell population in glioma as compared to most regions of the healthy brain. Note relatively intense TAMRA-FP and DAPI signal also in cell-dense hippocampal pyramidal cell layer (py) and granular layer of dentate gyrus (GrDG) as well as relatively weak TAMRA-FP signal in white matter tracts of corpus callosum (cc) (a), suggesting that the method offers sufficient sensitivity to enable imaging of TAMRA-FP fluorescence not only in the tumor, but also in various regions of the healthy brain. Building on tissue-ABPP images of gliomas from different animals, a common pattern of TAMRA-FP labeling was established: TAMRA-FP hotspots (b), characterized by intense and widely-distributed non-nuclear TAMRA-FP signal over the glioma, originating from evenly distributed individual cells. We define the second pattern as TAMRA-FP hotspot clusters (c), characterized by intense non-nuclear TAMRA-FP signal originating from cell clusters. In healthy cortical region shown for comparison (d), TAMRA-FP signal is less intense and localizes mainly to cytosol and plasma membrane. The section illustrated here for TAMRA-FP and DAPI staining was further immunostained for the phagocyte marker CD11b/c and is presented again (Figure S18). 3D-animation of merged TAMRA-FP-DAPI fluorescence throughout the section thickness in TAMRA-FP hotspots (green lining) and TAMRA-FP hotspot clusters (yellow lining) is shown in Supplementary Video 1