Figure 2

Long non-coding RNA-mediated transcription regulation. A. Transcription activation by lncRNA. In this example, Evf-2 is transcribed from an ultra-conserved enhancer and forms a stable complex with Dlx-2, which in turn activates Dlx-2 as a transcriptional enhancer. B. Transcription suppression by lncRNA. Top: in response to DNA damage, lncRNAs are transcribed from the 5’-upstream region of the CCND1 gene and recruit the RNA-binding protein TLS to modulate CBP and p300 to inhibit CCND1 transcription. Bottom: LncRNA transcribed from the upstream of the minor promoter of DHFR gene competes with transcription factors to inhibit the major promoter transcription in quiescent cells.