Fig. 4

Comparative study on the secretory capacity and dynamics between ER-Golgi and exosome pathways. Human 293 T cells were transfected with either SP-gLuc-GFP or Exo-gLuc-GFP for 24 h. Gaussia enzyme secretion was monitored for up to 72 h at indicated time-points. The Gaussia luciferase activity was assayed and graphed (n = 3, mean ± SD) for ER-Golgi-reporter (A) and exosome-reporter (B). A similar time-course study was conducted in human HepG2 cells using the same protocol. The secretory dynamics were graphed (n = 3, mean ± SEM) for both ER-Golgi- and exosome-reporters respectively (C and D). Student’s two-tailed t-test was used to determine the statistical significance, with p-value < 0.05 being considered significant. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01